The shrines witnessed many events and incidents over the years, especially in the first few decades of the 20th century. Iraq had been under the control of the Ottoman Caliphate for several centuries and as part of the great Islamic Empire, but with the colonial tactics of the West and in the Sykes-Picot Agreement (1916), it was considered part of the British dominion, and its cities and most importantly the shrines were severely threatened due to the consequences of this issue. The Shiite religious authorities, who always paid attention to preserving the boundaries and boundaries of the Muslim territory, freedom from foreign domination, Islamic unity, and advancing the spiritual and material goals of society, monitored the issues and managed the society in various dimensions during this difficult period with wisdom, tolerance, and complete belief in the principles.
The ten-year absolute authority of the late Sayyid Abul-Hasan Madisah of Isfahani (1355-1365 AH) in the Shiite world, especially in Iraq and especially in the shrines including Najaf, is an indication of this issue. In a way that it has been referred to in works, documents and sources, and in this article, the effective atmosphere of this period under the title of Isfahani authority has been considered and explained to some extent, with regard to three issues: scientific and cultural development, social services and Islamic unity and confronting colonialism, and his role in this regard.