Ali and his caliphate from perspective of the historaians of the Uthmania School of historiography

Abstract
Learning the thought of Uthmania as the revengers of Uthman and the influence of this thought in different branches of science and the formation of the " Uthmania School of Historiography" is a significant issue. Since the confrontation with Ali ibn Abi Talib and the belief in the illegitimacy of his caliphate is accepted in thought of Uthmania as one of the most important principles of this thought, knowing the type of approach of the historians of this school in depicting the character of that Imam and how their portrayal of events during his rule has great importance. The present research, with descriptive and analytical methods, tries to investigate and analyze the viewpoint of the historians of this school towards Ali and the events of his caliphate.
Based on the data of the research, the historians of this school aligned with the policies of their Umayyad rulers and supporters tried to create a different and unrealistic image of Ali's character and the events of his caliphate by falsifying and distorting some reports.

Keywords: Uthmania, Ali, Uthmania School of Historiography, Muawiya, Bani Umayya